S.No. Presenter Title Description Abstract Poster Paper
1UkpakaLassa Fever in NigeriaPowerpoint presentationClick here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
2AdminThe EK Solution for Mosquito breathing ground Eradication: A New Approach with Rapid Environmental Bio-Degradable ParticulatesThe EK Solution for Mosquito breathing ground Eradication: A New Approach with Rapid Environmental Bio-Degradable Particulates An original study by Ekwerike A, and Okea R (Sciencemedicine and AAPCR respectively) The Eradication Knot (EK) solution is a new chemical mixture predominantly compounded with naturally occurring products that utilizes the particle condensation properties of long chain alkene molecules and the ionic oxidation properties of natural acids producing a macro-molecular solution with transient nano-properties. This solution cause a destabilization of the environmental ionic balance in the breathing site while at the same time induces transient asphyxia of breathing insects followed by oxidative burst, a process lethal to larva and pupa stages of the mosquitoes. At the same time the oxygen release that follows ensures that aquatic lives flourish in a robust way. The EK solution is meant to be used in the environmental breathing areas to eradicate mosquitoes. There are no environmental concerns here since the effects of the EK solution would disappear within 24 to 48 hours. The small amount of the alkene groups in the mixture is degraded promptly without any risk of bio-accumulation. This is the prototypic solution for the global fight against malaria and unlike the disfavored DDT is devoid of environmental toxicity or accumulation.Click here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
3AdminTreat Malaria Today and Eradicate the Disease Today: A model for Disease Eradication Strategy for Endemic RegionsTreat Malaria Today and Eradicate the Disease Today: A model for Disease Eradication Strategy for Endemic Regions Remigius Okea, (MD, MPH) ScM.D: American Academy of Primary Care Research Abstract: Problem: There has been a lack of organized strategy to unify the treatment of malaria and many tropical diseases, and a lack of continuous effort to re-educate the physicians and health providers with latest advances in the field of tropical medicine worldwide. More importantly there has been a lack of conceptual framework for the treatment eradication of malaria or other tropical diseases. Statistical and demographic data are lacking even in many institutional settings. This has created, in many developing countries, over-dependency on WHO and similar organizations that have primary objectives many times divergent from the immediate needs of individual countries or states they should serve. Method; The first consideration in formulating a treatment strategy is to define the objectives and the intent of the strategic guideline based on the expected outcome. Thus the two main objectives of a malaria treatment strategy are: (1) To reduce morbidity and mortality from malaria (2) To eradicate malaria on the long term. To achieve these, the concept of Malaria Individual Eradication (MIE) is proposed. The MIE concept is built on the premise that every confirmed case of malaria offers us an opportunity to target eradication of the disease by focusing on that individual case, treating immediate infection, preventing relapse, preventing recrudescence, and above all stopping re-infection. This can be summarized as Treat Relapse Recrudescence and Re-infection (TR3). The MIE program is a wining concept for the eradication of malaria. Armed with existing and new tools, MIE education for doctors and health care providers shall be taught in medical schools and CME/CPD courses. MIE is redesigning treatment guidelines for malaria with the aim to eradicate the disease rather than stop at the point of care that have hitherto been the practice. A MIE center is proposed for every teaching and general hospital, and for all local government headquarters to track malaria incidence, support referred patients and homes with indoor DDT sprays and outdoor, breathing site spray with bio-degradable EK solution. AAPCR shall provide the training for specialized health care workers on the use of DDT and EK solution, and support electronic data and records. Governments at the local, state and federal levels are called to support and partner with AAPCR to catapult the program to quick success. Public education and advertisement on malaria prevention shall be vigorous. Guideline features: All treatments should be with combination anti-malaria medicines. Monotherapy is discouraged. All treatments should contain Artemisinin or its derivatives in combination with one or more other anti-malaria medicines for at least the initial 3 days. Once decision to treat is made, complete course of treatment should be given whether diagnosis of malaria is confirmed or not, and whether the patient is symptomatic or not. These measures are meant to reduce drug resistance. (WHO guidelines) Preventing same individual from malaria disease a second time should be integrated into the guideline. This is done using targeted indoor residual spraying (IRS) and or community wide IRS and encouraging the use of EK solution to kill mosquitoes in the surrounding breathing grounds. Ongoing research with new techniques to limit the development of resistance to anti-malaria drugs and to achieve selective pharmacology and drug targets using nano-technology is the future in the war against malaria.Click here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
4AdminFROM BENCH TO CLINIC AND TO THE COMMUNITY, THE QUEST TO CONQUER TROPICAL DISEASES & THE SCHOLARLY ROLE OF AN SCM.D DIPLOMAT.FROM BENCH TO CLINIC AND TO THE COMMUNITY, THE QUEST TO CONQUER TROPICAL DISEASES & THE SCHOLARLY ROLE OF AN SCM.D DIPLOMAT. Alphonsus Ekwerike ,ScM.D,PPCR Harvard, Science Medicine Research Institute,USA,American Academy Of Primary Care Research & Tropical Pharmedic Research Institute/ Center,USA & Nigeria. INTRODUCTION: In recent times, scholarly evidence shows that research discipline needs solid trending trace, track s and trails of events, manifestation ,cushioning cautions, conclusive suggestions and inference of every problematic study as to infer an evidence base solution, principle and practice of that, as a scientific profession. New disciplines of research practitioners have evolved retraining MDs unto Ph.D certificants as academic medical practitioners & Ph.D bench scientists unto clinical medicine skills. New program entrants are directly trained unto combined MD,PhD degrees as to become Clinical Scientists, research physicians or physician scientist. These and more are the scholarly curriculum & professional responsibility of an ScM.D diplomat, having an edge of starting a bench quest, translating it to clinical and community & solidly, trending basic to clinical evidence base step paradigm ,giving collaborators and peer reviewers enough trails of records, data and materials to work with. PROBLEM: Scientific omissions ,time wasting & wide margin of errors occurring frequenting in scientific research encountered by bench scientists while translating to clinical or from clinicians while translating to the community or from the community translators presenting a faulty demographic epidemiology to bench or clinical researchers. Tropical diseases remained prime infestations because no scholarly BCC evidence base step paradigm training curriculum has been advanced or introduced to third world endemic countries to breed ScM.D research field workers. SOLUTION: This diaphragmatic cycle is a serious bottleneck in research discipline and as such, a postulation of scholarly discipline called Sciencemedicine profession is made to train a single individual from the basic sciences (Mathematics, Biology, Physics, Chemistry and statistics ) to basic medical sciences (Anatomy,Physiology,Biochemistry, microbiology,Forensic science & pathology,etc ), then to para studies / Clinical sciences ( Medicine,Surgery,Physiatry,Pharmacology,Pharmacognosy ,pathophysiology & public health)) and to research oriented disciplines of Nanomedicine, space medicine, regenerative medicine, neuroscience to basic and clinical research rotations & residency cumulating to a five year general research practitioner status and a nine year study for a specialist status of a diplomat (ScM.D) in Sciencemedicine profession. CONCLUSION: Science Medicine diplomat (ScM.D ) education which is a direct nine years combined basic & clinical research training in one step paradigm scholarly curriculum that equals the combined MD/Ph.D degrees acquisition but differs with its broad bench to clinic and community defined evidence linked one step paradigm quest oriented responsibility of its practitioners that are dearly needed to conquer tropical diseases,etc.Third world students and practitioners would benefit immensely from this specialized education to combat diseases and poverty.Click here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
5AdminBITING ACTIVITY AND ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS MICROFILARIAE INFECTION OF SIMULIUM DANMOSUM COMPLEX IN IVERMECTIN TREATING COMMUNITY IN CENTRAL NIGERIA.BITING ACTIVITY AND ONCHOCERCA VOLVULUS MICROFILARIAE INFECTION OF SIMULIUM DANMOSUM COMPLEX IN IVERMECTIN TREATING COMMUNITY IN CENTRAL NIGERIA. UZOIGWE, NDUBUISI RAPHAEL NIGERIAN INSTITUTE FOR TRYPANOSOMIASIS RESEARCH (NITR) SOUTH-SOUTH ZONAL OFFICE ASABA, DELTA STATE. ABSTRACT: The objectives of Community Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) opted by Nigeria for the control of river-blindness is to reduce disease prevalence and intensity to a level where it is no longer a public health problem, and also eliminate transmission. This study was carried out in Wogan a hypoendemic community in Nasarawa State to determine the status of river-blindness transmission by the vector Similium damnosum complex in the community after nine annual treatments with ivermectin. Blackflies of the Genus Simulium damnosum sl were caught by human baits for twelve months within the community. The flies were procedurally dissected to ascertain physiological status, infection rate and anatomical infection with microfilariae, annual biting rate and annual transmission potential based on the infection rate and cephalic infections.The results indicated seasonal biting activity in the area with a peak in September. Out of 514 flies caught, 422 were dissected. 137(32.5%) were parous with 49 (35.7%) infected. Only 8 (5.8%) had cephalic L3 infections. Annual biting rate was 4690 bites/person /year and Annual Transmission Potentials was 153 infective bites/person/year.It is evident from the results that transmission is on-going in the community, an indication that CDTI has not substantially reduced mf in the patients to prevent its transmission. The case is made for integrated chemotherapeutic and vector control for quick elimination of the disease. Key words: Biting, Simulium damnosum , Microfilariae, Infection, Ivrmectin ,CommunityClick here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
6AdministratorDistribution of ecto-nucleotidases in mouse sensory circuits suggests roles for nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-3 in nociception and mechanoreception 1H. Usman-Vongtau, E. Lavoie, J. Sévigny, D. Moliiver. 1Department of Otolaryngology, Distribution of ecto-nucleotidases in mouse sensory circuits suggests roles for nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-3 in nociception and mechanoreception 1H. Usman-Vongtau, E. Lavoie, J. Sévigny, D. Moliiver. 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ABSTRACT Nucleotide-activated P2X channels and P2Y metabotropic receptors participate in nociceptive signaling. Agonist availability is regulated by nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1), -2, -3, and -8, a family of enzymes that hydrolyze extracellular ATP to generate ADP (a P2Y agonist) and AMP. They provide a major source of extracellular AMP, the substrate for adenosine production by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E), and thereby regulate adenosine (P1) receptor signaling. NTPDases vary in their efficiency of tri- and diphosphate hydrolysis; therefore, which family members are expressed impacts nucleotide availability and half-life. This study employed enzyme activity histochemistry to examine the distribution of ATPase activity and immunohistochemistry for NTPDase1, 2, 3, and 8 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord. Nucleotidase activity was robust in spinal dorsal horn, confirming that nociceptive pathways are a major site of nucleotide transmission. In DRG, extensive staining revealed ATPase activity in a subset of neurons and in non-neuronal cells. mRNA for NTPDase1-3, but not NTPDase8, was detected in lumbar DRG and spinal cord. Immunoreactivity for NTPDase3 closely matched the distribution of ATPase activity, labeling DRG central projections in the dorsal root and superficial dorsal horn, as well as intrinsic spinal neurons concentrated in lamina II. In DRG, NTPDase3 co-localized with markers of nociceptors and with NT5E. In addition, labeling of a subset of larger-diameter neurons in DRG was consistent with intense staining of Meissner corpuscle afferents in glabrous skin. Merkel cells and terminal Schwann cells of hair follicle afferents were also labeled, but the axons themselves were negative. We propose that NTPDase3 is a key regulator of nociceptive signaling that also makes an unexpected contribution to innocuous tactile sensation.Click here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View
7OkeaMALARIAINTRODUCTION TO MALARIA BY: Prof. Remigius Okea, MD MPH Research Director: American Academy of Primary Care Research (AAPCR) Chairman Scientific Advisory Board: Tropical PharmMedics Research InstituteClick here to ViewClick here to ViewClick here to View